Microsoft has clarified their Xbox Live Gold policy. And, it's surprisingly similar to the Family Sharing feature they announced earlier this year.
With the Xbox One, the Xbox Live Gold Membership is also tied to your console instead of just your Gamertag. It doesn't matter whether or not the console owner is connected, any family member (or friend) can log into their accounts on the Xbox One and use Gold features. This means that only one Xbox One user needs a Gold account, because anyone using an Xbox One with Gold can access Xbox Live Gold and its features.
With the current generation Xbox (360), each individual member that wants to use Xbox Live Gold has to buy a $50 Xbox Live Gold membership. This can be costly and many players won't purchase Xbox Live Gold because they wouldn't use it as much as, say, their hardcore gamer signifcant other. But, with the Xbox One, it sounds like Microsoft has finally taken a step in the right direction.
Source: Xbox.com